Effective Tax Rate
Your effective tax rate is calculated by dividing your total tax owed by your total taxable income. Because the U.S. uses progressive brackets, your effective rate is always lower than your marginal rate. This is the number that matters for budgeting and comparing compensation packages.
Example
A single filer with $75,000 taxable income pays $11,414 in federal tax. Effective rate: $11,414 ÷ $75,000 = 15.22%.
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Alabama Income Tax
Alabama does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.
Alaska Income Tax
Alaska does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.
Arizona Income Tax
Arizona uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Arkansas Income Tax
Arkansas uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
California Income Tax
California has a progressive income tax with 9 brackets ranging from 1% to 12.3%, plus a 1% Behavioral Health Services Tax on income over $1 million, bringing the top rate to 13.3% — the highest in the nation. Most Californians pay an effective rate between 4% and 7%.
Colorado Income Tax
Colorado uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Connecticut Income Tax
Connecticut uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Delaware Income Tax
Delaware uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Florida Income Tax
Florida does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.
Georgia Income Tax
Georgia uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Hawaii Income Tax
Hawaii uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Idaho Income Tax
Idaho uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Illinois Income Tax
Illinois uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Income Tax Brackets
The U.S. federal income tax uses seven progressive brackets with rates from 10% to 37%. Each bracket rate only applies to the income within that range — not to your entire income.
Indiana Income Tax
Indiana uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Iowa Income Tax
Iowa uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Kansas Income Tax
Kansas uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Kentucky Income Tax
Kentucky uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Louisiana Income Tax
Louisiana uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Maine Income Tax
Maine uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Maryland Income Tax
Maryland uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Massachusetts Income Tax
Massachusetts uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Michigan Income Tax
Michigan uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Minnesota Income Tax
Minnesota uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Mississippi Income Tax
Mississippi uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Missouri Income Tax
Missouri uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Montana Income Tax
Montana uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Nebraska Income Tax
Nebraska uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Nevada Income Tax
Nevada does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.
New Hampshire Income Tax
New Hampshire does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.
New Jersey Income Tax
New Jersey uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
New Mexico Income Tax
New Mexico uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
New York Income Tax
New York uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
North Carolina Income Tax
North Carolina uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
North Dakota Income Tax
North Dakota uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Ohio Income Tax
Ohio uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Oklahoma Income Tax
Oklahoma uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Oregon Income Tax
Oregon uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Pennsylvania Income Tax
Pennsylvania uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Rhode Island Income Tax
Rhode Island uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
South Carolina Income Tax
South Carolina uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
South Dakota Income Tax
South Dakota does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.
Tennessee Income Tax
Tennessee does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.
Texas Income Tax
Texas does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.
Utah Income Tax
Utah uses a flat income tax rate applied to all taxable income. Combined with federal tax, this determines your total income tax burden.
Vermont Income Tax
Vermont uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Virginia Income Tax
Virginia uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Washington Income Tax
Washington does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.
West Virginia Income Tax
West Virginia uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Wisconsin Income Tax
Wisconsin uses progressive income tax brackets. Each rate applies only to income within that range, similar to the federal system.
Wyoming Income Tax
Wyoming does not levy a state income tax on earned income. Residents pay only federal income tax.